Capítulo 1
Grammar
Greetings
PowerPoint (Will Be
Downloaded)
Segundo & Tercer Paso Activities
Interactive
Textbook Activities
Punctuation
-Spanish uses the ¿ and the ¡ at the beginning of sentences
- An accent mark is sometimes
needed over vowels(á, é, í, ó, and ú)
to show what syllable is stressed
- The mark on the ñ
is called the tilde-It
indicates the sound ny as in
canyon
Subject Pronouns
|
I |
Yo |
We |
Nosotros/as |
|
You(informal) |
Tú |
You all(Spain) |
Vosotros/as |
|
He She You(formal) |
Él Ella Ud.(Usted) |
They(m.) They(f.) You(fomal pl.-Spain) You all(not Spain) |
Ellos Ellas Uds.(Ustedes) |
Verbs
-There are 3 main types of
verbs in Spanish
-AR verbs, -ER
verbs, and –IR verbs
-All verbs in
Spanish end in one of these 3 endings in the infinitive form
-You will only find
the infinitives in the
dictionary-you will not find
any of the
conjugated forms
-Within the 3 main
categories of verbs, there are also 2 subcategories
-Regular
Verbs-Memorize a pattern(Easy)
-Irregular
Verbs-Memorize all forms of the verb(Difficult)
Conjugating
-Using the proper form of the
verb that agrees with the subject
Ex. I speak not I speaks
Ser=to be
|
Yo soy |
Nosotros/as somos |
|
Tú eres |
Vosotros/as sois |
|
Él, ella, Ud. es |
Ellos, ellas, Uds. son |
Exs. ¿De
dónde eres (tú)? Yo
soy de Ohio.
Where are you
from? I
am from Ohio.
¿De dónde es ella? Ella
es de Puerto Rico.
Where is she
from? She
is from Puerto Rico.
Tener=to have(also used when telling ages)
|
Yo tengo |
Nosotros/as tenemos |
|
Tú tienes |
Vosotros/as tenéis |
|
Él, ella, Ud. tiene |
Ellos, ellas, Uds. tienen |
Exs. ¿Cuántos
años tienes(tú)? Yo
tengo 15 años?
How old are you? I
am 15 years old.
¿Cuántos años tienen ellos? Ellos
tienen 13 años.
How old are they? They
are 13 years old?
Gustar=to like
-Is a unique verb
that is not used like most verbs
-In the present
tense it is normally only used in
the Ud. Or Uds. Forms
-The 2 forms that
are used are gusta &
gustan-Depending on if you
like one object or more than one object
or if the object is
plural
-When using a form
of Gustar one must also use
a Direct Object Pronoun
-One may also use an
A Phrase to clarify who is
doing the liking or the disliking
-In English we say “I like pizza,” but in Spanish they say “Pizza is pleasing to me.”
Indirect Object Pronouns
|
Me=to
me |
Nos=to
us |
|
Te=to
me |
Os=to
you all |
|
Le=to
her/him |
Les=to
them |
Exs. I like
pizza. Me
gusta la pizza.
Literal
translation is “Pizza is pleasing to me”
Me=to me
Gusta is used because pizza is one object
She
likes cars. Le
gustan los carros.
Literal
translation is “The cars are pleasing to her”
Le=to her
Gustan is used because cars is plural
***If you notice on the Indirect Object Pronoun chart, Le
could actually mean either “to him,” or “to her”
to clarify the
meaning, one should use an A Phrase.***
A Phrases
|
A mí=to
me |
A nosotros=to
us |
|
A ti=to
me |
A vosotros=to
you all |
|
A él, ella, Ud.=to her/him |
A ellos, ellas, Uds.=to them |
Ex. They(m.)
like tacos. A
ellos, les gustan los tacos.
Literal translation is “The tacos are pleasing to
them”
A
ellos is used to clarify the les=to them
Gustan is used because tacos are plural