Capítulo 2-Grammar

Nouns

-In Spanish all nouns are classified as either Masculine or Feminine

-Masculine and Feminine have nothing to do with if the words are associated with men or women

-To Figure Out If A Noun Is Masculine or Feminine, One Must:

-Look the word up in a glossary or dictionary-An M next to the word indicates that the word is masculine, and an F indicates that the word is feminine

-Your teacher will tell you

-If a definite or indefinite article is present, that will tell you if the word is masculine or feminine

-When nouns are introduced in a textbook a definite or indefinite article is also included

Exs. libro=book el libro=the book un libro=a book

casa=house la casa=the house una casa=a house

Definite Articles=”the”

Masculine singular el Masculine Plural los

Feminine singular la Feminine Plural las

Indefinite Articles=”a, an(singular), some(plural)”

Masculine singular un Masculine Plural unos

Feminine singular una Feminine Plural unas

Making Nouns Plurals

-You must make the article plural and also make the main word plural

-To make the articles plural just look at the article charts

-To make the main word plural:

If the word ends in a vowel-add an s

If the word ends in a consonant-add an es

If the word ends in a z-change the z to a c and then add an es

Exs. el libro-los libros

una casa-unas casas

la mochila-las mochilas

un cuaderno-unos cuadernos

Necesitar=to need

Yo *necesito*	Nosotros/as *necesitamos*
Tú *necesitas*	Vosotros/as *necesitáis*
Él, ella, Ud. *necesita*	Ellos, ellas, Uds. *necesitan*

Querer=to want

Yo *quiero*	Nosotros/as *queremos*
Tú *quieres*	Vosotros/as *queréis*
Él, ella, Ud. *quiere*	Ellos, ellas, Uds.quieren

Exs. She needs a book=Ella necesita un libro

They(f) want the calculator=Ellas quieren la calculadora

We need the papers=Nosotros queremos los papeles

I need some notebooks=Yo necesito unos cuadernos

2 Verbs Back-To-Back

-In Spanish when you have to verbs back to back, you conjugate the 1^st verb and keep the 2^nd verb in the infinitive form

Exs. Yo necesito organizar mi cuarto.

I need to organize my room.

Ella quiere comprar el libro.

She wants to buy the book.